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김경은 ( ) - 이화여자대학교 간호대학
최영희 ( ) - 이화여자대학교 간호대학
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Abstract
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In a complex modern society, people lose their sense of selfcontrol, and specially the elderly feel powerlessness for their social function being weakened both physically and psychologically. That is a powerlessness can be generated among the elderly by the sources of stress. And when such a powerlessness is not settled, and therefore is repeatedly lasted, they feel powerless, damaging their mopve, cognitive, and emotional aspects and bringing the repetition of powerlessnessdepressionhopelessness, thereby, after all lead even to death. In this sense, it is deemed that the precise assessment and diagonosis of the elderly´s powerlessness is very important to nurses whose targets are to maintain and improve their subject´s health.
Instead, there has been, so far, no much concern about their subject´s powerlessness by nurses. The musing regards man in a holistic view, and there-fore, such a powerlessness should be precisely understood, based on the elderly´s lived experience. And through such understanding, the depression, hopelessness and even death caused by powerlessness can be prevented.
In the study, it was intended for the nursing care of the elderly to be achieved holistically through understanding of the phenomena of powerlessness based on the lived experience of it by the! elderly, what meaning the elderly give to such phenomena, and what essence of powerlessness is.
For a method of this study, Max Van Manen´s phenomenological method based on the philosophy of MerleuPonty was utilized, and a concrete approach was realized through those 11 steps he had suggested.
Data collection was done in a duration from Mar. 20, 1993 to Sept. 30, 1994. The subjects for this study were 5 elderly persons who stayed in their family and whose age was more than 60 years. Data was about the elderly´s lived experience, this re-searcher´s experience of powerlessness, the linguistic meaning of powerlessness, idioms of a word of a feeling of powerlessness, descriptions of the elderly´s powerlessness appeared in literature and some art works, some phenomenological literature, and all such data were used to provide some insight of the phenomena of powerlessness. Data about- the elderly´s experience of such powerlessness were collected through open interviews, partcipation, and observation.
In the anlaysis of the theme of this study, the aspects of the theme, the elderly´s powerlessness, were clarified, thereby abstracting and finding some meaningful statements of the elderly about their feeling of powerlessness, and then those significant statements were termed into linguistic transformations.
Findings from such a study are summarized as follows :
1. It appeared that the elderly´s feeling of powerlessness can be divided into 8 feelings of 2. It appeared that the elderly´s feeling of from their experience when they felt there is no one to depend upon who is helpful to them because of their having lost their spouse, children, and even relatives, feeling of from their experience when they felt they can not lead daily life as they want for their weakened strnegth, feeling of As indicated above, the elderly´s powerlessness is related to the loss of human relations with people meaningful to them, loss of their influence to others such as their leadership, loss of the past time and loss of the meaning of their life, loss of people who understand their mind, loss of energy for their weakened, physical function, loss of their role and financial ability, loss of the relations with people, loss of psychological and physical ability in comparison with young people, and loss of the value of their existence.
3. In the light of those eight feelings of the elderly, it is deemed that the most influential factor in the phenomenon of the elderly´s powerlessness came from their feeling of . In fact, the elderly experience many kinds of (loss) physically, psycho-logically, economically, and socially. In other words, (loss) affect those 8 feelings of , Through this study, it is hoped that nurses can. provide the elderly with better nursing care, based _ on more deeply understanding the elderly´s lived ex,,, perience of powerlessness.
The applicable meanings of the resulte of this study are as follows in terms of nursing.
In the aspect of nursing theory, there are two dif. ferent crosscultural view about the phenomena of powerlessness. That is, the characteristics of the elderly´s experience of powerlessness suggested by Robert(1986) were apathy, withdrawal, fatalism anxiety, meaninglessness, aggression, anger, and lack of decisionmaking, and however it appeared that this study suggests the characteristics of Through this study, in the aspect of nursing prat tice, this study will pave the way for nurses to orient to regarding the subject´s subjective experience as a insider´s view more than the nurse´s experience as a outsider´s view.
In the aspect of nursing education, it is deemed to be important that as a principle of care for the eld erly, listening to the meanings and true nature of the elderly´s experience of powerlessness should be emphasized on the course of the nurse´s inservice education and formal nursing education.
Also, in the research of nursing care for the eld, erly, it is expected that referring to the characteristics of the elderly´s powerlessness and the true essense as the valued of this study will pro-vide nurses with nursing care which.is sensitive to cultural phemenon and suitable to the subject.
In the study, the powerlessness of Korean elderly is, who is closely related to the family members. -Ibis results suggested that a new point of view inthe phenomena of the elderly´s powerlessness in Korea.
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KeyWords
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노인, 무력감
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원문 및 링크아웃 정보
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등재저널 정보
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